Stalagmite growth during MIS 9 and MIS 11

Zhang, Junjie; Klose, Jennifer; Scholz, Denis; Marwan, Norbert; Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M.; Katzschmann, Lutz; Kraemer, Dennis; Tsukamoto, Sumiko

Isothermal thermoluminescence dating of speleothem growth – A case study from Bleßberg cave 2, Journal Article

In: Quaternary Geochronology, vol. 85, pp. 101628, 2024.

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Klose, Jennifer

Quantitative multi-proxy climate reconstruction for MIS 3 in Central Europe based on precisely dated speleothems from Bleßberg Cave, Germany PhD Thesis

2024.

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Zhang, J.; Klose, J.; Sierralta, M.; Tsukamoto, S.; Scholz, D.; Marwan, N.; Breitenbach, S.

Isothermal thermoluminescence (ITL) dating of a speleothem from Bleßberg Cave Presentation

29.06.2023, (17th International Luminescence and Electron Spin Resonance Dating conference (LED2023), Copenhagen (Denmark)).

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Kühne, Sofia

Spurenelementanalyse eines Speläothems der Marinen Isotopenstadien 9 und 11 aus der Blessberghöhle Bachelor Thesis

Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 2023.

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Geier, Florian

230Th/U – Datierung eines Speläothems der Marinen Isotopenstadien 9 und 11 aus der Bleßberghöhle in Thüringen Bachelor Thesis

Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 2022.

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Sierralta, Melanie; Katzschmann, Lutz; Nikonow, Wilhelm; Rammlmair, Dieter

Insights in Bleßberg cave: Speleothem chronology and geochemical research Proceedings Article

In: 75. Jahrestagung der Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft in Hannover, 2015.

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Some initial investigations on BB2-1 from the Blessberg Cave 2 were already performed at the LIAG in 2014/15, such as age dating, initial trace element and oxygen isotope analyses. Thus the approximate age of the stalagmite was known: 360 to 301 ka BP.

In 2022, as part of a bachelor thesis at the University of Mainz, the stalagmite BB2-1 was systematically dated and the new ages evaluated. For this purpose, 14 dating samples were taken and dated in the Isotope Geochemical Palaeoclimatology working group at the University of Mainz by means of U/ThU/Th-Datierung Die U/Th-Datierung ist eine sehr präzise radiometrische Altersbestimmung auf Basis der Uran-Thorium-Zerfallsreihe. Das Uran zerfällt mit bekannten Halbwertszeiten (245.500 Jahre) zum Tochterelement Thorium. Stalagmiten bauen bei ihrem Wachstum (fast) nur das wasserlösliche Uran ein, während das schlecht bewegliche Thorium zum größten Teil im Boden und Epikarst über der Höhle verbleibt. Das kann man nutzen, um die Zeit zu berechnen, die seit der Ausfällung der untersuchten Karbonatprobe vergangen ist. Moderne massenspektrometrische Verfahren erlauben Altersbestimmungen mit der U/Th-Methode bis zu 700.000 Jahren vor Heute. dating on a more modern system than at LIAG. Possible detritical content were taken into account and the ages corrected accordingly. The ages are, therefore, significantly more accurate than those already known.

The oldest age was found at the base of the stalagmite, as expected. It is 425.46 ± 5.43 ka BP. The youngest age, at the top of the stalagmite, is 320.49 ± 9.58 ka BP. The ages in between do not change uniformly. In the lower 4/5 of the stalagmite, all ages are older than 400 ka BP. Only in the upper fifth of the stalagmite the ages are significantly younger and range between 341.31 and 320.49 ka BP.

Stalagmit BB2/1 with dated ages
Stalagmite BB2/1 with drill sites (red) of the individual samples with the measured and corrected ages.

This allows us to define the growth phases of the stalagmite: The lower, larger part grew in isotope stage 11, the upper, younger part in isotope stage 9. Both stages are warm periods. The stalgamite did not grow in the cold periods before, in between, and after. It is interesting that growth only occurred in the beginning phases of these warm periods, which are warmer than the following phases within the isotope stage in question (growth in MIS 11e to 11c as well as in MIS 9e). After that, no more stalagmite growth took place, not even in more recent warm periods, which suggests a change in the hydrological conditions.