Stalagmite growth during MIS 9 and MIS 11

Zhang, Junjie; Klose, Jennifer; Scholz, Denis; Marwan, Norbert; Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M.; Katzschmann, Lutz; Kraemer, Dennis; Tsukamoto, Sumiko

Isothermal thermoluminescence dating of speleothem growth – A case study from Bleßberg cave 2, Journal Article

In: Quaternary Geochronology, vol. 85, pp. 101628, 2024.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Klose, Jennifer

Quantitative multi-proxy climate reconstruction for MIS 3 in Central Europe based on precisely dated speleothems from Bleßberg Cave, Germany PhD Thesis

2024.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Zhang, J.; Klose, J.; Sierralta, M.; Tsukamoto, S.; Scholz, D.; Marwan, N.; Breitenbach, S.

Isothermal thermoluminescence (ITL) dating of a speleothem from Bleßberg Cave Presentation

29.06.2023, (17th International Luminescence and Electron Spin Resonance Dating conference (LED2023), Copenhagen (Denmark)).

Abstract | BibTeX

Kühne, Sofia

Spurenelementanalyse eines Speläothems der Marinen Isotopenstadien 9 und 11 aus der Blessberghöhle Bachelor Thesis

Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 2023.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Geier, Florian

230Th/U – Datierung eines Speläothems der Marinen Isotopenstadien 9 und 11 aus der Bleßberghöhle in Thüringen Bachelor Thesis

Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 2022.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Sierralta, Melanie; Katzschmann, Lutz; Nikonow, Wilhelm; Rammlmair, Dieter

Insights in Bleßberg cave: Speleothem chronology and geochemical research Proceedings Article

In: 75. Jahrestagung der Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft in Hannover, 2015.

Abstract | BibTeX

Some initial investigations on BB2-1 from the Blessberg Cave 2 were already performed at the LIAG in 2014/15, such as age dating, initial trace element and oxygen isotope analyses. Thus the approximate age of the stalagmite was known: 360 to 301 ka BP.

In 2022, as part of a bachelor thesis at the University of Mainz, the stalagmite BB2-1 was systematically dated and the new ages evaluated. For this purpose, 14 dating samples were taken and dated in the Isotope Geochemical Palaeoclimatology working group at the University of Mainz by means of U/ThU/Th-Datierung Die U/Th-Datierung ist eine sehr präzise radiometrische Altersbestimmung auf Basis der Uran-Thorium-Zerfallsreihe. Das Uran zerfällt mit bekannten Halbwertszeiten (245.500 Jahre) zum Tochterelement Thorium. Stalagmiten bauen bei ihrem Wachstum (fast) nur das wasserlösliche Uran ein, während das schlecht bewegliche Thorium zum größten Teil im Boden und Epikarst über der Höhle verbleibt. Das kann man nutzen, um die Zeit zu berechnen, die seit der Ausfällung der untersuchten Karbonatprobe vergangen ist. Moderne massenspektrometrische Verfahren erlauben Altersbestimmungen mit der U/Th-Methode bis zu 700.000 Jahren vor Heute. dating on a more modern system than at LIAG. Possible detritical content were taken into account and the ages corrected accordingly. The ages are, therefore, significantly more accurate than those already known.

The oldest age was found at the base of the stalagmite, as expected. It is 425.46 ± 5.43 ka BP. The youngest age, at the top of the stalagmite, is 320.49 ± 9.58 ka BP. The ages in between do not change uniformly. In the lower 4/5 of the stalagmite, all ages are older than 400 ka BP. Only in the upper fifth of the stalagmite the ages are significantly younger and range between 341.31 and 320.49 ka BP.

Stalagmit BB2/1 with dated ages
Stalagmite BB2/1 with drill sites (red) of the individual samples with the measured and corrected ages.

This allows us to define the growth phases of the stalagmite: The lower, larger part grew in isotope stage 11, the upper, younger part in isotope stage 9. Both stages are warm periods. The stalgamite did not grow in the cold periods before, in between, and after. It is interesting that growth only occurred in the beginning phases of these warm periods, which are warmer than the following phases within the isotope stage in question (growth in MIS 11e to 11c as well as in MIS 9e). After that, no more stalagmite growth took place, not even in more recent warm periods, which suggests a change in the hydrological conditions.

Altersverteilung (Vorschau)

Dating and permafrost in Central Europe

Project Lead

Involved Partners

Content

How are U/ThU/Th-Datierung Die U/Th-Datierung ist eine sehr präzise radiometrische Altersbestimmung auf Basis der Uran-Thorium-Zerfallsreihe. Das Uran zerfällt mit bekannten Halbwertszeiten (245.500 Jahre) zum Tochterelement Thorium. Stalagmiten bauen bei ihrem Wachstum (fast) nur das wasserlösliche Uran ein, während das schlecht bewegliche Thorium zum größten Teil im Boden und Epikarst über der Höhle verbleibt. Das kann man nutzen, um die Zeit zu berechnen, die seit der Ausfällung der untersuchten Karbonatprobe vergangen ist. Moderne massenspektrometrische Verfahren erlauben Altersbestimmungen mit der U/Th-Methode bis zu 700.000 Jahren vor Heute. dating of cave carbonates in Europe distributed over time and space? Can these be used to spatiotemporally constrain permafrostPermafrost Unter Permafrost versteht man dauerhaft gefrorenen Boden, der auch im Sommer nicht auftaut. In Mitteleuropa gab es während den Eiszeiten Permafrost. in Europe?

Logo Northumbria Univ

Northumbria University Newcastle, Geography and Environmental Sciences – Cold and Palaeo Environments Group

The Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences at Northumbria University in Newcastle upon Tyne includes research groups focusing on our Planet’s past, present, and future. The Cold and Palaeo Environments Group (CAPE) particularly aims at understanding the interaction between ancient biosphere, atmosphere, and cryosphere over the last 50 million years.

The group uses state-of-the-art geochemical methods, microfossil analyses, numerical models, and field studies to improve our understanding of the Earth system. The new Northumbria IsotopeIsotop Chemische Elemente können aus verschieden aufgebauten Atomen gebildet sein. Die Anzahl Protonen im Atomkern ist zwar dabei gleich, aber die Anzahl der Neutronen kann variieren. Man spricht dann von Isotopen, deren Massen kleine, aber messbare Unterschiede aufweisen. Der Atomkern des Sauerstoffs besteht z. B. aus 8 Protonen und in der Regel aus 8 Neutronen. Es gibt aber auch Sauerstoff, dessen Kerne aus 8 Protonen und 9 oder 10 Neutronen bestehen (neben selteneren, instabilen Sauerstoffisotopen). Um das zu kennzeichnen, gibt man zusätzlich zum chemischen Symbol noch die Massenzahl (Summe aus Protonen und Neutronen) an, also 16O, 17O oder 18O. Die unterschiedlichen Isotope verhalten sich zwar chemisch identisch, physikalisch aber - aufgrund ihres unterschiedlichen Gewichtes - leicht unterschiedlich. Damit stellen sie äusserst wertvolle Marker dar, die uns wichtige Hinweise zur Änderung des Klimas, der Umgebungsvegetation, Bodenaktivität und vielem mehr geben. and Clumped geothermometryClumped geothermometry Clumped geothermometry … for Environmental Studies (NICEST) laboratory uses stable isotope systems (δ13C, δ18O, δ15N, δ2H, and Δ47) to explore terrestrial, lacustrine, and marine carbonate systems in search of past climatic and environmental changes.

The geochemistry of speleothems helps reconstruct past hydrological changes. To quantify such changes, the lab analyses is combined with environmental monitoring. The group also works closely with other teams (e.g., the Alfred-Wegener Institute (AWI), PIK Potsdam, Waikato University, University of Oxford, and many others) to develop new quantitative proxiesProxy Umwelt- und Klimainformationen aus der Vergangenheit sind nicht direkt verfügbar, weil niemand da war, der diese messen und aufzeichnen konnte. Daher ist  man darauf angewiesen, diese Informationen indirekt aus anderen Informationen abzuleiten, wie z. B. Baumringe, das Verhältnis von Sauerstoffisotopen, Spurenelementen, Mächtigkeit von Sedimentschichten usw. Diese Art von Daten nennt man Proxies, was aus dem englischen stammt und „Stellvertreter“ bedeutet. and techniques to learn more about Earth’s history.

A very strong focus is on past permafrostPermafrost Unter Permafrost versteht man dauerhaft gefrorenen Boden, der auch im Sommer nicht auftaut. In Mitteleuropa gab es während den Eiszeiten Permafrost. dynamics; in a new project funded by The Leverhulme Trust, Seb Breitenbach investigates the last 500,000 years of Siberian permafrost with the help of cave deposits, permafrost ice, and fossil ostracod shells.

Contact

Dr. Sebastian Breitenbach

Web site

https://research.northumbria.ac.uk/coldandpalaeo/

Publikationen

Zhang, Junjie; Klose, Jennifer; Scholz, Denis; Marwan, Norbert; Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M.; Katzschmann, Lutz; Kraemer, Dennis; Tsukamoto, Sumiko

Isothermal thermoluminescence dating of speleothem growth – A case study from Bleßberg cave 2, Journal Article

In: Quaternary Geochronology, vol. 85, pp. 101628, 2024.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Klose, J.; Scholz, D.; Weber, M.; Vonhof, H.; Plessen, B.; Breitenbach, S.; Marwan, N.

Timing of Dansgaard-Oeschger events in Central Europe based on three precisely dated speleothems from Bleßberg Cave, Germany Proceedings

Poster, 2023, (Summer School on Speleothem Sciences 2023, Sao Paulo).

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Klose, J.; Weber, M.; Vonhof, H.; Plessen, B.; Breitenbach, S.; Marwan, N.; Scholz, D.

Timing of Dansgaard-Oeschger events in Central Europe based on three precisely dated speleothems from Bleßberg Cave, Germany Proceedings

Poster, 2022, (KR9 Konferenz in Innsbruck).

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M.; Marwan, Norbert

Die Bleßberghöhle – ein Glücksfall für die Klimaforschung Book Section

In: Thüringer Höhlenverein, e. V. (Ed.): Nächster Halt: Bleßberghöhle, Suhl, 2022.

Abstract | BibTeX

Klose, Jennifer; Scholz, Denis; Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M.; Plessen, Birgit; Vonhof, Hubert

Determination of phases of warm climate during MIS 3 in Central Europe based on precisely dated speleothems from Bleßberg Cave, Germany Proceedings

Poster, 2021, (GeoKarlsruhe 2021: Sustainable Earth – From processes to resources, Karlsruhe).

Abstract | BibTeX

Marwan, Norbert; Kraemer, Kai Hauke; Wiesner, Karolin; Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M.; Leonhardt, Jens

Recurrence based entropies Presentation

07.05.2019, (Fourth International Conference on Recent Advances in Nonlinear Mechanics, Łódz (Poland)).

Abstract | BibTeX

Marwan, Norbert; Kraemer, Kai Hauke; Wiesner, Karolin; Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M.; Leonhardt, Jens

Recurrence based entropies Proceedings Article

In: Geophysical Research Abstracts, pp. EGU2019-2817, 2019.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M.; Plessen, Birgit; Waltgenbach, Sarah; Tjallingii, Rik; Leonhardt, Jens; Jochum, Klaus-Peter; Meyer, Hanno; Goswami, Bedartha; Marwan, Norbert; Scholz, Denis

Holocene interaction of maritime and continental climate in Central Europe: New speleothem evidence from Central Germany Journal Article

In: Global and Planetary Change, vol. 176, pp. 144–161, 2019.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M.; Plessen, Birgit; Waltgenbach, Sarah; Tjallingii, Rik; Leonhardt, Jens; Jochum, Klaus-Peter; Meyer, Hanno; Marwan, Norbert; Scholz, Denis

Tracing past shifts of the boundary between maritime and continental climate over Central Europe Proceedings Article

In: Geophysical Research Abstracts, pp. EGU2018-9046, 2018.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M.; Plessen, Birgit; Wenz, Sarah; Leonhardt, Jens; Tjallingii, Rik; Scholz, Denis; Jochum, Klaus-Peter; Marwan, Norbert

A multi-proxy reconstruction of Holocene climate change from Blessberg Cave, Germany Proceedings Article

In: Geophysical Research Abstracts, pp. EGU2016-14213, 2016.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Wenz, Sarah; Scholz, Denis; Spötl, Christoph; Plessen, Birgit; Mischel, Simon; Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M.; Jochum, Klaus-Peter; Fohlmeister, Jens

Timing and duration of climate variability during the 8.2 ka event reconstructed from four speleothems from Germany Proceedings Article

In: Geophysical Research Abstracts, pp. EGU2016-12731, 2016.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Marwan, Norbert; Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M.; Plessen, Birgit; Scholz, Denis; Leonhardt, Jens

Recurrence properties as signatures for abrupt climate change Proceedings Article

In: Geophysical Research Abstracts, pp. EGU2014-8893, 2014.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Logo PIK

Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) – Group Development of advanced time series analysis techniques

The Potsdam Institute is a non-university research institute primarily concerned with questions about the causes and effects of climate change and with developing policy options to mitigate climate risks. It was founded in 1992 and is a member of the Leibniz Association.

The group “Development of advanced time series analysis techniques” of the department “Complex Systems” is involved in the research at Bleßberg Cave. Here, together with the partners, the age models for the stalagmites are calculated and complex statistical evaluations of the palaeoclimate data are carried out.

Contact

Dr. Norbert Marwan

Web site

https://www.pik-potsdam.de/

Publications

Zhang, Junjie; Klose, Jennifer; Scholz, Denis; Marwan, Norbert; Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M.; Katzschmann, Lutz; Kraemer, Dennis; Tsukamoto, Sumiko

Isothermal thermoluminescence dating of speleothem growth – A case study from Bleßberg cave 2, Journal Article

In: Quaternary Geochronology, vol. 85, pp. 101628, 2024.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Klose, J.; Scholz, D.; Weber, M.; Vonhof, H.; Plessen, B.; Breitenbach, S.; Marwan, N.

Timing of Dansgaard-Oeschger events in Central Europe based on three precisely dated speleothems from Bleßberg Cave, Germany Proceedings

Poster, 2023, (Summer School on Speleothem Sciences 2023, Sao Paulo).

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Klose, J.; Weber, M.; Vonhof, H.; Plessen, B.; Breitenbach, S.; Marwan, N.; Scholz, D.

Timing of Dansgaard-Oeschger events in Central Europe based on three precisely dated speleothems from Bleßberg Cave, Germany Proceedings

Poster, 2022, (KR9 Konferenz in Innsbruck).

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Marwan, Norbert

Bleßberghöhle – Schatzkammer für die Wissenschaft Presentation

15.06.2022, (VdHK-Symposium: Wissenschaft unter Tage – Höhlenforschung im Dialog, Truckenthal (Germany)).

BibTeX

Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M.; Marwan, Norbert

Die Bleßberghöhle – ein Glücksfall für die Klimaforschung Book Section

In: Thüringer Höhlenverein, e. V. (Ed.): Nächster Halt: Bleßberghöhle, Suhl, 2022.

Abstract | BibTeX

Marwan, Norbert; Kraemer, Kai Hauke; Wiesner, Karolin; Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M.; Leonhardt, Jens

Recurrence based entropies Presentation

07.05.2019, (Fourth International Conference on Recent Advances in Nonlinear Mechanics, Łódz (Poland)).

Abstract | BibTeX

Marwan, Norbert; Kraemer, Kai Hauke; Wiesner, Karolin; Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M.; Leonhardt, Jens

Recurrence based entropies Proceedings Article

In: Geophysical Research Abstracts, pp. EGU2019-2817, 2019.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M.; Plessen, Birgit; Waltgenbach, Sarah; Tjallingii, Rik; Leonhardt, Jens; Jochum, Klaus-Peter; Meyer, Hanno; Goswami, Bedartha; Marwan, Norbert; Scholz, Denis

Holocene interaction of maritime and continental climate in Central Europe: New speleothem evidence from Central Germany Journal Article

In: Global and Planetary Change, vol. 176, pp. 144–161, 2019.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M.; Plessen, Birgit; Waltgenbach, Sarah; Tjallingii, Rik; Leonhardt, Jens; Jochum, Klaus-Peter; Meyer, Hanno; Marwan, Norbert; Scholz, Denis

Tracing past shifts of the boundary between maritime and continental climate over Central Europe Proceedings Article

In: Geophysical Research Abstracts, pp. EGU2018-9046, 2018.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M.; Plessen, Birgit; Wenz, Sarah; Leonhardt, Jens; Tjallingii, Rik; Scholz, Denis; Jochum, Klaus-Peter; Marwan, Norbert

A multi-proxy reconstruction of Holocene climate change from Blessberg Cave, Germany Proceedings Article

In: Geophysical Research Abstracts, pp. EGU2016-14213, 2016.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

Marwan, Norbert; Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M.; Plessen, Birgit; Scholz, Denis; Leonhardt, Jens

Recurrence properties as signatures for abrupt climate change Proceedings Article

In: Geophysical Research Abstracts, pp. EGU2014-8893, 2014.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX